东北地区非资源型城市与资源型城市产业转型的对比研究

The comparison study of industrial structure transformation between non-resource-based and resource-based cities in Northeast China

引用环境规制、资源依赖等属性指标,通过多元回归等方法比较2000—2017年东北地区非资源型城市与资源型城市产业结构合理化和高级化水平时空演变与影响因素差异,得出以下主要结论:①产业结构合理化与高级化水平均呈现阶段性提升,2017年非资源型与资源型城市的产业转型效果已无明显差距。②资源型城市产业结构合理化水平发展较非资源型城市相对滞后,平均水平偏低,高水平的城市个数少且固定,与非资源型城市的空间分布特征不尽相同。③环境规制与所有制结构能够促进东北地区产业转型,而地区经济发展、资源依赖,对外开放分别与产业结构合理化、高级化水平呈负相关关系,技术进步、资本投资等因素作用与城市类型、产业转型维度有关。基于研究结果,今后可考虑依据影响要素的作用差异制定和构建东北地区产业转型的分类措施和外部支持环境。

Industrial structure transformation is the key to accelerate economic development.In 2000,the Chinese government officially set Fuxin as the first transforming pilot in Northeast China.Since then both resourced-based and non-resource-based cities in Heilongjiang,Jilin and Liaoning provinces that used to be dependent on heavy industries have adjusted and upgraded economic structures.This article tried to compare the industrial structure transformation levels between resourced-based and non-resource-based cities in Northeast China,where most cities had relied on mineral resources for over half a century.According to the industrial development theories,two indicators,rational rate and upgrading rate,are frequently used to evaluate the structural transformation in a particular city.This paper took these theories as reference,compared both rational rate and upgrading rate between two cities,and used panel regression to find the factors influencing industrial development.All the data came from National Bureau of Statistics of China and provincial statistical yearbooks(2001-2018).Some conclusions can be drawn as follows:(1)Both resource-based and non-resource-based cities revealed strong fluctuations in development.The periodic characteristics were highly related to up-down policies.The industrial structure transformation of all the cities have been achieved and upgraded quantitatively and qualitatively.In 2017,the there were small differences between resource-based cities and other types of cities.(2)During the transformation,the average levels of both rationalization and upgradation of the resource-based cities were lower than those of others,and the high-level cities were barely changed,which showed different spatial distribution features.(3)Environmental regulation and ownership structure can be beneficial to the industrial development for all the cities.Other factors such as technology level,resource dependence,investment level,and economic openness played different roles in different types of cities.(4)The commonalities and differences between resource-based and non-resource-based cities revealed the difficulties for industrial transformation in Northeast China.In the future,the acceleration of serving industries,ownership structure,and environment regulation could promote the further transformation development.