朱子“理一分殊”的意象诠释

Interpretation of Zhu Zi’s“Li Yi Fen Shu”Imagery

当前学界多以为“理一分殊”只是体用范畴,其实这种理解是局限的。以“意象诠释”观之,朱子哲学实乃以“理一分殊”为结构与纲领、思维与方法,建构其整个哲学体系。具体而言,“理一分殊”贯通其本体论、工夫论与境界论,体现出本体、工夫、境界三者的同构性。在本体论中,“理一分殊”表现为“体用一源,显微无间”;在工夫论中,“理一分殊”表现为“敬贯体用,彻上彻下”;在境界论中,“理一分殊”表现为“一理”与“分殊”的圆融互摄,体中有用,用中有体。

“Li Yi Fen Shu”is a core concept in Zhu Zi’s philosophy,and it is also an important issue in Song and Ming Neo-Confucianism.However,the current academic circles think that“Li Yi Fen Shu”is only a category of practical application.In fact,this understanding is narrow and limited.From the perspective of“image interpretation”,Zhu Zi’s philosophy is actually based on the structure and program of“Li Yi Fen Shu”,thinking and methods,to construct his entire philosophy system.Specifically,in the ontology,“Li Yi Fen Shu”is expressed as“the body uses one source,and the microscopic is indistinguishable”;in the moral cultivation theory,“Li Yi Fen Shu”is expressed as“respect for the body and use,thoroughly and thoroughly”;in the realm theory,“Li Yi Fen Shu”is manifested as the fusion of“Yi Li”and“Fen Shu”,which is useful in the body,and has the body in use.