我国近代高等职业教育专业设置及其启示

The Specialty Establishment and Its Enlightenment of Higher Vocational Education in Modern China

专业目录是高等职业院校人才培养的指导性纲领,其编制与修订所依据的基本原理和规律不仅要从现代中汲取养分,也要从历史长河中体悟智慧。秉持“事实”和“价值观”相互作用的认识论来追踪中国近代职业教育发展史,其“西学东渐”和“实用主义”的专业设置价值导向,以及在此理念下所形成的专业框架及管理制度,对2020—2021年启动的新一轮的高等职业教育专业目录修制具有重要的参考价值,即专业设置应遵循“急用先学”的原则,同时必须与区域经济发展需求相对接,实行弹性设置原则。

Professional catalogue is the guiding program of talent cultivation in higher vocational colleges.The basic principles and laws on which it is compiled and revised should not only draw nourishment from the modern times,but also realize wisdom from the long history.Pursuing the history of modern Chinese vocational education with the epistemology of the interaction of“facts”and“values”,its value orientation of“the introduction of Western learning to the East”and“pragmatism”,as well as the professional framework and management system formed under this idea,all can provide the system evidence and the policy migration for the new round of higher vocational education professional catalogue system in 2020,that is,the professional setting should advocate the utilitarianism of“urgent learning first”,at the same time,it must be connected with the demand of regional economic development,and the principle of flexible setting should be applied.