不同品种白羽肉鸡肌肉品质及营养成分的比较研究

Comparation of Muscle Quality and Nutritional Components in Different White Feather Broilers′Breeds

为研究小型白羽肉鸡与快大型白羽肉鸡肌肉品质及营养成分差异,试验选取WOD168配套系为小型白羽肉鸡代表,选取科尼什与白洛克杂交后代为快大型肉鸡代表,于6周龄屠宰后进行肉品质及肌肉营养成分测定。结果显示:小型白羽肉鸡比快大型肉鸡有更高的剪切力,更小的肌纤维直径和更高的肌纤维密度;小型白羽肉鸡胸肌粗蛋白含量较快大型肉鸡高,总脂肪含量较快大型肉鸡低;小型白羽肉鸡胸肌内检测的15种氨基酸中有11种含量高于快大型肉鸡,且人体必需氨基酸含量比快大型肉鸡高2.68%;小型白羽肉鸡胸肌和腿肌中的多不饱和脂肪酸含量比快大型肉鸡分别高出17.73%和9.61%,而单不饱和脂肪酸含量均低于快大型肉鸡。试验结果表明,小型白羽肉鸡的肉质更细嫩,且蛋白含量高,脂肪含量低,风味较快大型肉鸡更好,研究结果为鸡肉品质评价体系与肉鸡育种提供了数据基础。

To study the difference in muscle quality and nutritional composition between crossover chicken and fast-growing broilers,the WOD168 were selected as the crossover chicken,which were bred from broiler sire line and laying hen female line,while the broilers offspring from the cross between the white Cornish and white Rock line were used as the fast-growing broilers in this study.Meat quality and muscle nutritional composition were determined after slaughter at 6 weeks of age.The comparisons results showed that the crossover chicken had higher shear force,smaller muscle fiber diameter and higher muscle fiber density than those of fast-growing broilers.Meanwhile,its breast muscle possessed higher crude protein but lower total fat.In addition,11 out of the 15 kinds of amino acids detected in the breast muscle of crossover chicken were higher,in which the content of essential amino acids was 2.68%higher,compared with those of the fast-growing broilers.The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in breast muscle and leg muscle of crossover chicken was separately 17.73%and 9.61%higher than those of fast-growing broilers,respectively,while the content of monounsaturated fatty acids was lower.It was identified that the crossover chicken had better muscle quality and flavor.This study provided basic data for chicken evaluation system and broiler breeding.