蝉花菌丝体和植物提取物对雁荡麻鸡生产性能和肌肉品质的影响

Effects of Mycelium Culture of Isaria cicadae and Plant Extracts on Growth Performance and Muscle Quality of Yandang Chicken

为研究2种不同植物成分对雁荡麻鸡生长性能和肌肉品质的影响,选取90日龄体况良好、体重相近的雁荡麻鸡青脚黑麻羽系肉鸡90只,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,A组饲喂基础日粮,B组在基础日粮中添加2%蝉花菌丝体,C组在基础日粮中添加250 mg/kg植物提取物。试验期40 d。对期末体重、平均日增重等生长性能和血清Ig A、Ig G、新城疫病毒(NDV)抗体水平,以及肌肉剪切力、肉色等理化性质和粗蛋白、粗脂肪以及氨基酸等营养成分指标进行检测。结果显示:(1)B组、C组平均日增重较A组分别提高16.71%和10.24%;NDV抗体效价,血清Ig A和Ig G水平均无显著性升高(P>0.05);(2)B组、C组肌肉电导率显著低于A组(P<0.05),肉色值、剪切力、p H等不存在显著性差异(P>0.05);(3)与A组相比,B组粗蛋白含量显著升高(P<0.05);必需氨基酸中,B组胱氨酸、亮氨酸、组氨酸含量显著高于A组(P<0.05);C组缬氨酸、蛋氨酸含量显著高于A组(P<0.05);B、C组蛋氨酸、异亮氨酸、赖氨酸含量均显著高于A组(P<0.05);非必需氨基酸中,与A组相比,B组天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸、脯氨酸、酪氨酸、精氨酸含量均显著升高(P<0.05);C组甘氨酸含量显著高于A组(P<0.05);总体氨基酸含量B组、C组均显著高于A组(P<0.05);粗脂肪和其他氨基酸含量均不存在显著性差异(P>0.05)。研究表明,添加蝉花菌丝体或植物提取物有利于提高饲料报酬,鸡肌肉中电导率显著下降,总氨基酸含量和风味氨基酸含量显著升高,明显改善鸡肉品质。

To study the effects of two different plant components on growth performance and muscle quality ofYandang chicken,90 healthy and similar weight Yandang chickens were selected and randomly divided into threegroups with 3 replicates in each group.Group A was fed with basal diet,group B was fed with 2%mycelium cultureof Isaria cicadae in basal diet,and group C was fed with 250 mg/kg plant extract in basal diet.The experiment lasted for40 days.The final body weight,average daily gain,serum Ig A,Ig G,antibody against Newcastle disease virus,muscleshear force,meat color and contents of crude protein,crude fat and amino acids were detected.Results showed:(1)Theaverage daily gain of group B and group C were 16.71%and 10.24%higher than that of group A;The antibody levelagainst Newcastle disease virus,Ig A and Ig G was not significantly increased(P>0.05);(2)The electrical conductivity ofgroup B and group C was significantly lower than that of group A(P<0.05);There was no significant difference in meatcolor values,shear strength,p H(P>0.05);(3)Crude protein,cystine,leucine and histidine in group B were significantlyhigher than those in group A(P<0.05);Valine and methionine in group C were significantly higher than those ingroup A(P<0.05);And methionine in group B and C was significantly higher than that in group A(P<0.05).In thenonessential amino acids,aspartic acid,glutamic acid,proline,tyrosine and arginine in group B were significantly higherthan those in group A(P<0.05);Glycine in group C was significantly higher than that in group A(P<0.05);Total aminoacids in group B and C were significantly higher than those in group A(P<0.05).It′s suggested that the addition ofmycelium culture of Isaria cicadae or plant extracts was beneficial to increase the feed return,and the conductivityof muscle decreased significantly,the total amino acid content and flavor amino acid content of muscle increasedsignificantly,which could significantly improve the meat quality of chicken.