2018年深圳市大鹏新区居民健康素养现状分析

Status quo of health literacy among residents in Dapeng District of Shenzhen,2018

目的了解深圳市大鹏新区居民健康素养水平,为制定有针对性的政策措施提供决策依据。方法2018年11月-2019年1月,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,在大鹏新区7个社区抽取15~69岁居民共651人,使用统一的《全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷》进行调查。结果2018年深圳市大鹏新区居民健康素养水平为8.20%,不同人口学特征居民健康素养水平存在差异。35~44岁的居民健康素养水平最高,专业技术人员健康素养水平最高;基本知识与理念、健康生活方式与行为和健康技能素养水平分别为15.88%、5.06%和23.39%,六类健康问题素养水平中,安全与急救最高(33.68%),科学健康观次之(28.97%),健康信息最低(9.95%),传染病防治、基本医疗、慢性病防治分别为13.26%、11.34%和10.12%。结论大鹏新区居民健康素养水平有待提高,应将文化程度较低、家庭规模较小、年龄较高的群体纳为重点人群,进行针对性干预,提高居民健康素养水平。

Objective To investigate the level of health literacy among residents in Dapeng District of Shenzhen,and to provide reference for targeted policy making.Methods Multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 651 residents aged 15 to 69 years from 7 communities of Dapeng District from November 2018 to January 2019 for a survey with The National Residents’Health Literacy Questionnaire.Results In 2018,residents’level of health literacy in Dapeng District was 8.20%.The levels of health literacy among residents with different demographic characteristics were different.The residents aged 35 to 44 and the professional staff had the highest levels of health literacy.The health literacy levels of basic knowledge and concept,healthy lifestyle and behaviors and health-related skills were 15.88%,5.06%,23.39%,respectively.Among the 6 types of health issues,residents’health literacy level of safety and first aid(33.68%)ranked the highest,followed by scientific health concept(28.97%),and residents’health literacy level of health information(9.95%)ranked the lowest.Meanwhile,residents’literacy levels of prevention and control of infectious diseases,basic medical treatment and prevention and control of chronic diseases were 13.26%,11.34%and 10.12%,respectively.Conclusions The health literacy of residents in Dapeng District needs to be further improved.Populations with low educational background,small family size and older age need to be included as key population for targeted intervention.