多溴联苯醚、六溴环十二烷和四溴双酚A在环境中污染现状的研究进展

Research progress on status of environmental pollutions of polybrominated diphenyl ethers,hexabromocyclodocane,and tetrabromobisphenol A:A review

作为最主要的三大传统溴系阻燃剂(BFRs),多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)、六溴环十二烷(HBCD)、四溴双酚A(TBBPA)具有半挥发性、环境持久性和远距离传输性,目前在全球各种环境介质、生物体内广泛存在.毒理学研究表明,PBDEs、HBCD、TBBPA均具有明显的生物毒性和致癌性,对生态环境和人体健康存在潜在危害.本文简要概述了PBDEs、HBCD、TBBPA的使用现状,综述了全球范围内非生物体(灰尘、水体、土壤、沉积物、污泥)和生命体内(植物、动物、人体)等3种传统BFRs的污染水平、特征、暴露途径和毒性,并讨论了当前存在问题,最后对PBDEs、HBCD、TBBPA的未来研究进行了初步展望.

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs),hexabromocyclododecane(HBCD),and tetrabromobisphenol A(TBBPA)are the main traditional brominated flame retardants(BFRs).Owing to the property of Semi-volatility,persistance,and mobility,they are all found in various environmental media and organisms all over the world.Toxicological studies have shown that PBDEs,HBCD,and TBBPA not only exhibited obvious biological toxicity and carcinogenicity,but also posed potential harm to the ecological environment and human.This paper briefly summarized the current status of PBDEs,HBCD,and TBBPA in the environment,and discussed the level,distribution,exposure routes and toxicity of three traditional BFRs in non-living organisms(dust,water,soil,sediment,sludge)and living organisms(plants,animals,and humans).In addition,the problems existing in nowadays research were mentioned.Finally,a preliminary outlook for future research on PBDEs,HBCD,and TBBPA was presented.