肠澼病名考

Research on the name of‘Changpi’

肠澼作为一个病名,传世医书中首次出现是在《黄帝内经》,现在一般将其视作痢疾。但历代医家对肠澼病的内涵以及肠澼病名中"澼"字含义的解释众说纷纭,笔者在对其加以整理的基础上,查阅出土医学文献,认为《黄帝内经》中的肠澼本应该写作肠辟,肠澼病名的含义应该从"辟"字求解。而辟通闢,推测其应用以引申为肠澼病大肠洞开,泄泻不止的症状。古人命名疾病常从疾病浅表症状或感受入手,肠澼便应是发生部位加疾病症状或感受的疾病命名方式。

As a disease name,Changpi(肠澼)first appeared in the Huangdi Neijing,and now it is generally regarded as dysentery.However,the explanations of the meanings of the‘pi(澼)’and Changpi(肠澼)have been widely discussed.On the basis of the organization,this paper consults the unearthed medical literature and thinks that Changpi(肠澼)in Huangdi Neijing should be written as Changpi(肠辟).The meaning of the name of the Changpi(肠澼)should be from the word‘pi(辟)’.‘pi(辟)’and‘pi(辟)’means universal,and this paper speculate it should mean that symptoms of the large intestine opening and diarrhea.The naming of diseases by the ancients often starts with the superficial symptoms or feelings of the disease.Changpi(肠澼)is named by adding the symptoms and feelings of the disease to the site of the disease.