基于湖北省定点医院2132例临床资料分析2019冠状病毒病发生相关因素

Analysis of COVID-19 related factors based on clinical data of 2132 patients in designated hospitals in Hubei Province

目的:以湖北省定点医院防治2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)2132例临床资料分析为例,探讨COVID-19发生相关因素,为其防控提供参考。方法:采集纳入的COVID-19患者性别、年龄、流行病学、吸烟史、基础疾病、首发症状、实验室数据信息,对比分析相关因素。结果:①2132例COVID-19病例分型以普通型为主,47.8%患者有密切接触史。重型组年龄大于普通型组,有基础疾病组年龄大于无基础疾病组,且男性多(P<0.05)。②普通型组与重型组吸烟者数量、吸烟者重症率与不吸烟者比较,差异均无统计学意义。③合并基础疾病主要为高血压病、糖尿病、冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病、慢性肾病、有手术史、慢性胃肠道疾病,以咳嗽、乏力、发热为主要症群。无基础疾病者体温高于有基础疾病者(P<0.05),有基础疾病者咳痰、憋闷或喘促占比高于无基础疾病者(P<0.05)。④有基础疾病者直接胆红素、尿素氮、肌酐、血糖、血沉、降钙素增高比例高于无基础疾病者(P<0.05)。结论:年龄大、合并基础疾病可能是病情加重危险因素,合并基础疾病易演变为危重症,应重视基础疾病诊治,尤其是心血管疾病。吸烟因素对疾病病情轻-重型进展无显著影响。重视未发热、以咳嗽为首发症状的患者,加强监测呼吸频率。

Objective:Taking the clinical data analysis of 2132 cases of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)in designated hospital of Hubei Province as an example,the related factors of COVID-19 were discussed to provide reference for its prevention and control.Methods:The gender,age,epidemiology,smoking history,underlying disease,first symptoms,and laboratory data of COVID-19 patients were extracted and analyzed.Results:①A total of 2132 cases were mainly classified as common type,47.8%of the patients had a history of close contact.The age of the severe group was higher than that of the common group,and the age of the group with underlying diseases was higher than that of the group without underlying diseases,and more males were found(P<0.05).②There were no statistically significant differences in the number of smokers in the common group and the severe group,and in the severity rate of smokers and non-smokers.③The patients had underlying diseases mainly for hypertension,diabetes,atherosclerotic heart disease,chronic kidney disease,history of surgery,chronic gastrointestinal diseases,the symptoms were mainly cough,fatigue,fever.The temperature of the patients without underlying diseases was higher than that of the patients with underlying diseases(P<0.05),and the proportion of expectoration,suffocation or wheezing of the patients with underlying diseases was higher than that of the patients without underlying diseases(P<0.05).④The proportion of direct bilirubin,urea nitrogen,creatinine,glucose,erythrocyte sedimentation rate and calcitonin in patients with underlying diseases is higher than that in patients without underlying diseases(P<0.05).Conclusion:Old age,combined with underlying diseases may be a risk factor for aggravation of the disease.The complicated underlying diseases tend to turn into critical diseases,so we should pay more attention to the diagnosis and treatment of diseases,especially cardiovascular diseases.Smoking had no significant effect on the mild-severe progression of the disease.Attention must be paid to the patients without fever and with cough as the first symptom,and strengthen the monitoring of respiratory frequency.