四种嫁接方法对甜瓜嫁接苗生长的影响

Effects of Four Grafting Methods on the Growth of Melon Seedlings

以‘特选一号’甜瓜为接穗,‘银光’南瓜为砧木,采用了顶插接、改良插接、断根插接和断根贴接4种嫁接方法,研究了不同嫁接方法对甜瓜嫁接苗生长的影响,以期为甜瓜育苗提供指导。结果表明:甜瓜顶插接嫁接速率最快、嫁接工效最高,嫁接后在昼/夜温度为28℃/18℃条件下,改良插接的嫁接成活率最高,改良插接和断根贴接的愈合时间短。在一叶一心时期,改良插接和顶插接的嫁接苗有明显的生长优势,改良插接的嫁接苗根系生长最好;而到三叶一心时期,断根插接和断根贴接的甜瓜嫁接苗生长快,壮苗指数显著高于顶插接和改良插接,断根插接的嫁接苗叶面积最大。不同嫁接方法所需除萌蘖次数和时间也存在差异,断根插接除萌蘖次数最少,除萌蘖用时仅为顶插接的46.3%。

This experiment was conducted to compare the effects of four grafting methods on grafting efficiency and growth of melon seedlings,‘Texuan No.1’melon as scion,and‘Yinguang’pumpkin as rootstock.The results showed that the hole insertion grafting had the fastest grafting speed and the highest grafting efficiency,the grafting survival rate was obtained from the improved hole insertion grafting method under 28℃/18℃ condition.The grafting healing time of improved hole insertion grafting and splice grafting with root pruning was shorter than the other grafting methods.At the one true leaf stage,the grafted seedlings from improved hole insertion grafting and the hole insertion grafting had obvious growth advantages,and the root system was the best from improved hole insertion grafting method.At the three true leaf stage,the grafted seedlings of melon with root pruning grafting and splice grafting with root pruning grew fast and had high seedling strength index.The number and time of sprout removal were different for different grafting methods.Root pruning grafting had the least number and shortest time of sprout removal,and sprout removal time for root pruning grafting method was only 46.3% of hole insertion grafting method.