水资源保护的新内涵:"量-质-域-流-生"协同保护和修复

New connotation of water resources protection:“quantity-quality-domain-connectivity-biology”coordinated protection and restoration

随着人类社会经济发展及其对于水资源系统干扰的逐步加强,水资源保护工作的重要性日益凸显,其定义和内涵也在不断演变,并呈现出流域化、系统化、生态化的特征。在定量评价人类活动对于我国水资源系统在水量消耗、水污染排放、水空间挤占、水通道阻隔等方面干扰,并进而造成水生生物多样性降低的基础上,继承和发展传统水资源保护内涵,提出了新时期以“量-质-域-流-生”协同保护修复为核心的流域水资源保护新理念,明晰了流域水资源保护的体系框架、重点工作和评价指标,提出了相较于现有技术体系未来尚需要重点研究的流域水资源保护关键技术。流域水资源保护是传统水资源保护工作的升级,对于新时期水利改革发展和美丽中国建设将具有重要促进意义。

With the development of human society and economy and its gradual strengthening of interference to the water resources system,the importance of water resources protection is becoming increasingly prominent,its definition and connotation are constantly evolving,showing the characteristics of watershedization,systemization,and ecologicalization.Based on the quantitative evaluation of human activities interference with China water resources in terms of water consumption,water pollution discharge,water space occupancy,and water channel barriers,which result in the reduction of aquatic biodiversity,this paper inherits and develops the traditional water resources protection connotation,proposes a new concept of river basin water resources protection in the new era with“quantity-quality-domain-connectivity-biology”coordinated protection and restoration as core,clarifies the framework,key tasks and evaluation indicators of river basin water resources protection,and proposes the key technologies of river basin water resources protection that need to be studied in the future compared with the existing technical system.The protection of river basin water resources is an upgrade of traditional water resources protection,which has important promotion significance for the reform and development of water conservancy in the new era and the construction of a beautiful China.