车用固态锂电池研究进展及产业化应用

Research progress of solid state Li-ion batteries for EV and industrial applications

目前新能源汽车用锂离子电池大多采用液态电解质,容易在使用过程中出现胀气、析锂、内短路等安全问题,严重的还会引起爆炸。固态电池是解决液态电池安全问题的一种有效方法,它采用固态电解质作为锂离子的传输介质,具有良好的机械性能,能够抑制锂支晶的生长,防止内短路。另外,固态电池可以采用锂金属负极,实现电池更高的能量密度。世界各国纷纷布局固态电池研发,从固态电解质研发、电极-电解质界面和电池体系等方面开展研究,取得了一系列显著成果。以车用固态电池的发展为主线,从车用动力电池需求、固态电池研究进展、应用现状等方面介绍了动力电池固态化的进展。

Some safety problems such as gas emission,lithium plating,internal short circuit and even explosions always happen in LIBs for EV.Solid-state Li-ion battery is an effective method to solve the safety problems because it uses solid-state electrolyte as the transmission medium for lithium ions.Solid-state electrolyte owns good mechanical properties,which can inhibit the growth of lithium dendrite and prevent internal short circuits.In addition,the solidstate Li-ion battery can adopt lithium metal as anode,which can achieve higher energy density of the battery.Due to the advantages mentioned above,countries around the world have deployed the solid-state battery research.The purpose of this review is to introduce the status of research and application on the solid-state Li-ion battery,hoping to provide some general guidelines on the development of solid-state li-ion battery of EV.