中药渣堆肥化过程中皂苷变化及腐熟度研究

Study on changes of saponin and maturity during composting of traditional Chinese medicine residues

为探讨中药渣加工废弃物堆肥化中皂苷的变化及腐熟进程,将葛根、人参残渣等中药渣混合制作堆肥,通过测定温度、pH值、皂苷、纤维素、半纤维素、木质素、C/N、发芽指数等指标,评价了堆肥化过程中皂苷含量的变化及堆肥的腐熟进程。结果表明:经过30 d的堆制,皂苷的残留率12%,半纤维素、纤维素、木质素的降解率分别为71.02%、44.84%和26.87%,pH值5.83,EC值1050μs/cm,C/N值18.38,有机质46.62 g/kg,发芽指数86.64%,说明中药渣经过30 d的堆肥化过程已经完全腐熟且含有皂苷,为将来中药渣有机肥高值化利用提供理论基础。

In order to explore the changes and maturity of saponins in the composting of waste from the processing of traditional Chinese medicine residues,pueraria lobata,ginseng and other traditional Chinese medicine residues were mixed to make compost.By measuring temperature,pH,saponin,cellulose,hemicellulose,lignin,C/N,germination index and other indicators,the changes of saponin content during composting and the maturity of compost were evaluated.The research results showed that after 30 days of composting,the residual rate of saponin was 12%,the degradation rates of hemicellulose,cellulose,and lignin were 71.02%,44.84%,26.87%,respectively,the pH was 5.83,and the Ec value was 1050μs/cm,C/N value was 18.38,organic matter was 46.62 g/kg,germination index was 86.64%.It shows that the traditional Chinese medicine residue has been completely decomposed after a 30-day composting process and contains saponins,which provides a theoretical basis for the future high value utilization of traditional Chinese medicine residue organic fertilizer.