“文字可能的含义”:扩张解释与类推解释界分范式研究--基于德日比较视角展开

Between Extended Interpretation and Analogical Interpretation--Based on German-Japanese Comparative Perspective

扩张解释允许说为日本学界通说,但德国自萨维尼以来通说中一直否定扩张解释,仅以“文字可能的含义”作为刑法解释的边界,而日本部分学者认为“文字可能的含义”是扩张解释与类推解释界限。类推解释是相对的法律续造,类推适用是绝对的法律续造,类比则是认识事物的方式。借鉴并综合德日理论肯定扩张解释,建构多元阶层化的“文字可能的含义”标准范式,可厘清扩张解释与类推解释的界限。在解释以前的争论或论证“游戏装备”一般情况下属于盗窃对象“财物”“可能的含义”时,运用阶层化的解释范式都将颇具实益。

The permissibility theory of expanded interpretation is a general theory in Japanese academic circles. Since Savigny,German scholars have always denied the expansion interpretation,taking "the possible meaning of words"as the boundary of criminal law interpretation,while some Japanese scholars believe that "the possible meaning of words " is the boundary between expanded interpretation and analogical interpretation. Analogical interpretation is a relative continuation of law, the application of analogy is an absolute continuation of law,and analogy is a way to understand things. We can draw lessons from German and Japanese theories to affirm the expansion interpretation and construct a multi-level standard paradigm of"possible meaning of words",so as to clarify the boundary between expansion interpretation and analogy interpretation. When explaining the previous arguments or demonstrating that "game equipment " generally belongs to the "property " and"possible meaning"of the theft object,the hierarchical interpretation paradigm is quite beneficial.