预重整:法庭外重组与法庭内重整的衔接

Pre-Reorganization:Cohesive Tie between Out-of-court Debt Restructuring and Legal Bankruptcy Reorganization

我国《企业破产法》正在修订过程中,最高法院《破产审判纪要》《民商事审判纪要》以及国家发展改革委员会《市场主体退出改革方案》都强调要探索建立预重整制度,将法庭外重组和法庭内重整予以衔接,使法庭外重组协议效力在法庭内重整中得以延伸,以提高对困境企业进行重整的法律效率和效力。借鉴联合国《破产法立法指南》和域外国家预重整的立法经验,结合我国地方法院预重整的司法实践,在破产法修订中设置预重整法律制度需要考虑和解决的问题包括:预重整作为法庭外重组与法庭内重整"衔接桥梁"的法律地位、规则和关系基础;以及"衔接路径"的具体制度设计,包括申请预重整的逻辑选择、预重整的立法现状,预重整的申请主体、适用范围、程序启动、债权人委员会、临时管理人、信息披露、预重整方案批准等。

China’s Enterprise Bankruptcy Law is in the process of revision,In order to enhance the efficiency of reorganization proceedings bankrupt enterprise debtors trapped,Minutes of the National Court Work Conference on Bankruptcy Trials and Minutes of the Civil and Commercial Trials issued by Chinese Supreme Court and the Reform Plan for Accelerating Improvement of the Exit System for Market Participants issued by National Development and Reform Commission emphasized that we need to explore ways to establish pre-reorganization system and make out-of-court debt restructuring and legal bankruptcy reorganization connected,so that the legal force of out-of-court restructuring agreement could be sprawled into legal bankruptcy reorganization.Referred to UNCITRAL Legislative Guide on Insolvency Law and other prereorganization legislative experiences from other countries,combined with Chinese judicial experiences of pre-reorganization proceedings in district courts,we need to consider and solve following questions establishing pre-reorganization system in the legislation process: the legal basis and therules and relationship baseof Connection bridge between out-of-court debt restructuring and legal bankruptcy reorganization,and the design scheme of Connection Path includingthethinking logic of applying for pre-reorganization,the legislative status quo of pre-reorganization,the application subject of pre-reorganization,the scope of application, the start of proceeding,creditor committee,contemporary trustees,information disclosure,administration of pre-organization plans and so on.