权力财产理论:概念、意义及应用——房屋租赁合同的本质解释路径

Power Property Theory: Concept,Meaning and Application——The Essential Interpretation of the House Lease Contract

权力财产理论建立在权力财产和使用财产区分的基础上。两者区分的法律意义可以分为民法基本理论层面的意义、规范意义以及具体领域的法律意义。权力财产理论应用于房屋租赁活动,突破了传统物权理论中物权的积极功能。传统物权的积极功能主要体现在对物的直接支配方面,而权力财产理论则将这一积极功能拓展到了债法层面,通过债的方式转化为具体的权利和义务;说明了财产是具有阶级性的,但这种阶级性是人为赋予的,是通过对物的控制来实现对人的控制,是一种社会控制理论。权力财产理论分为权力财产行使理论和权力财产限制理论,两者共同作用于房屋租赁领域,体现为自由与安全价值之间的平衡,并能够在规范意义上调和所有权与居住权益之间的矛盾。

Power property theory is based on the distinction between power property and use property. The legal meaning of the distinction can be divided into ontologicalmeaning,normative meaning and legal meaning of specific field. The application of power property theory to house leasing activities breaks through the positive function of property rights in traditional property rights theory. The positive function of traditional property rights is mainly reflected in the direct control of property,while power property theory extends this positive function to Debt Law. It shows that property has class nature,which is transformed into specific rights and obligations through debt,but this class nature is a social control theory which realizes the control of people through the control of property. Power property theory is divided into power property exercise theory and power property restriction theory. The application of power property theory in the field of house lease contract,which is reflected in the balance between freedom value and security value, and can reconcile these contradictions between ownership and residential right in law normative meaning.