不同产地沉香的高效液相色谱指纹特征

HPLC Fingerprint Characteristics of Agarwood from Different Origins

【目的】针对不同地区所产沉香品质差别较大以及传统沉香产地鉴别主要依赖经验判断等问题,研究不同产地沉香的高效液相色谱(HPLC)指纹特征,探讨色谱指纹分析技术对沉香产地溯源的可行性,为沉香资源品质评价和原产地保护提供科学依据。【方法】以36批次来自3个不同产地的沉香为研究对象,优化高效液相色谱分离条件,基于“中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统”获得色谱峰保留时间、峰面积信息,筛选不同产地沉香的高效液相色谱指纹图谱,并利用指纹特征峰变量进行主成分分析(PCA)和正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA),建立沉香产地判别方法。【结果】不同产地沉香高效液相色谱指纹图谱的85个特征峰变量分析发现,莞香系沉香的色酮种类最多,相对含量最高;星洲系沉香的沉香四醇色谱峰极高,其余色酮相对含量较低;惠安系沉香的色酮种类较多,相对含量较莞香系稍低,较星洲系稍高,依其产地地理位置分布,在3个产地中体现出一定过渡性;主成分分析显示,样品基本上可依据产地不同聚合成3类;正交偏最小二乘判别分析对训练集和检验集样品产地的判别正确率均为100%。【结论】不同产地沉香2-(2-苯乙基)色酮类成分的组成和含量存在较大差异,显示出一定地域性,利用高效液相色谱指纹图谱结合正交偏最小二乘判别分析可判别沉香产地,为濒危珍贵沉香的产地溯源提供一种新的鉴别方法。

【Objective】In view of the differences in the quality of agarwood from different origins and the identification of traditional agarwood origin relying on experience judgment,high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)fingerprint characteristics of agarwood from different origins were studied,and the feasibility of chromatographic fingerprint analysis technology for traceability of agarwood origin was also discussed.【Method】36 batches of agarwood from three origins were analyzed by optimized HPLC.The retention time and area of chromatographic peaks was obtained by the similarity evaluation system of chromatographic fingerprints of traditional Chinese medicines.HPLC fingerprints of agarwood from three different production regions were established.Principal component analysis(PCA)and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)was used to establish the discriminant methods of agarwood from different origins.【Result】By analyzing the 85 characteristic peak variables of the HPLC fingerprint of agarwood from three different origins,it was found that the species and relative content of 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone composition were the most abundant in Guan-Xiang Zone.In Sin-Chew Zone,the peaks of agarotetrol were extremely high and the relative content of the other chromones was relatively low.There were more species of 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone in the samples of Hoi-An Zone,whose relative content was slightly lower than that in Guan-Xiang Zone and slightly higher than that in the Sin-Chew Zone.According to the geographical distribution of the origins,the samples of Hoi-An Zone showed certain transition characteristics in the three production origins.PCA analysis showed that the samples could basically be aggregated into three categories according to the origin.The accuracy of OPLS-DA analysis method in identifying the sample origin of training set and test set was 100%.【Conclusion】The composition and relative content of 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromophenone in agarwood from different origins might be quite different,showing a certain extent of regional characteristics.The origin of agarwood could be identified by HPLC combined with OPLS-DA.