政策工具视角下《国家职业教育改革实施方案》的省级推进策略分析——以苏、浙、沪三省市政策文本为例

The Provincial Promotion Strategy of the National Implementation Plan for Vocational Education Reform from the Perspective under Perspective of Policy Tools——Taking the Policy Texts of Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Shanghai as Examples

随着《国家职业教育改革实施方案》颁布以后,部分省市相继出台了各级层面的职业教育改革实施方案,分别针对区域实际制定了行动计划和具体标准。为了审视省级层面政策推进与落实情况,以罗斯维尔和泽福德的政策工具分类理论为基础,结合职业教育改革发展若干要素构建理论框架,对苏、浙、沪三省市的职业教育改革政策文本进行分析后发现:供给型政策工具使用适当,但内部结构失衡;环境型政策工具使用过溢,策略性措施成为主要手段;需求型政策工具使用不足,作用形式较为单一;职业教育改革发展维度覆盖较为全面,但内部分化。在此基础上,提炼出国家级方案的省级推进策略,包括国家政策的区域对应、区域状况的精准考察、省域政策的整体设计等三个环节,以此作为反馈的成功经验加以推广。

After the promulgation of the National Implementation Plan for Vocational Education Reform,some provinces have successively issued implementation plans for vocational education reform at the provincial level,and formulated action plans and specific standards in light of regional realities.Building a theoretical framework based on Rothwell and Zegveld‘s policy tools classification theory and several elements of vocational education reform and development,and analyzing the policy texts of the three provinces,this study found that supplyside policy tools are used appropriately,but the internal structure is unbalanced;environment-side policy tools are used excessively,and strategic measures become the main means;demand-side policy tools are not used sufficiently,and their forms are relatively single;The dimension of vocational education reform and development is covered comprehensively,but internally divided.On this basis,the study refined the provincial promotion strategy of the national plan,including the three links of regional correspondence of national policies,accurate investigation of regional conditions and overall design of provincial policies,as well as the promotion of successful experience as feedback.