城市建成环境对儿童独立出行能力的影响因素及规划对策研究

Study on the Influencing Factors and Planning Strategies of Urban Built Environment on Children’s Independent Mobility

儿童是城市未来的主人,研究建成环境对儿童独立出行能力的影响问题意义重大,这不仅关系到儿童的身心健康问题,而且关系到未来城市发展。近几十年来,随着城市的发展,儿童独立出行能力在急剧下降,最终影响儿童出行安全及儿童发展,造成育儿家庭的社会成本不断增加。本文在国内外文献综述基础上整理了居住环境、学校环境、城市环境这三类建成空间环境对儿童独立出行能力的影响因素,同时通过对岳阳市中心两所小学儿童的独立出行能力的实证调查,探索适合当前我国国情的改善儿童独立出行能力的规划对策,为创建儿童友好城市环境提供理论支撑。

Children are the future masters of cities.It is of great significance to study the impact of the built environment on children’s independent mobility.This is not only related to children’s physical and mental health,but also related to the future urban development.In recent decades,with the development of cities,the independent activity of children has fallen sharply,which ultimately affects children’s travel safety and development,and causes the social costs of parenting families to continue to increase.Based on the literature review at home and abroad,this article sorts out the influence factors on children’s independent mobility in three types of built environment,namely:living environment,school environment and urban environment.At the same time,the research team carries out an empirical investigation on children’s independent mobility in two primary schools in the center of Yueyang City to explore planning strategies suitable for current China’s national conditions to improve children’s independent mobility,and provide theoretical support for the creation of a child-friendly city environment.