两次“戏剧观”论争的再审视及其当代启示——以场域理论为视角

Re-examining two Debates of Views on Drama and its Contemporary Inspiration——From the Perspective of Field Theory

人们在论及"五四"及八十年代两次大型的"戏剧观"论争时,往往从论争本身出发,并将论题集中在戏剧本体的层面上,很少从话剧与社会历史的互动关系以及"话剧场"的角度进行考量,从而忽视了潜藏在"戏剧观"论争背后的话语争夺。于是,历史的本质化思维遮掩了事件的真实性与复杂性,也阻碍了人们正确地认识这两场论争以及中国话剧在发展过程中暴露的问题。为此,本文从场域理论出发,以反思的视角重新观照中国话剧史上两次"戏剧观"论争的高峰,并旁涉由此引发的小高峰,以期在"事件化"的历史语境中重新审视戏剧观念的演变与百年中国话剧的发展。

When discussing the two large-scale debates of views on drama in the May 4 th Movement and the 1980 s, people tend to focus on the argument itself and pay attention to the level of drama. They seldom examine it from the perspective of the interaction between drama and social history as well as from the perspective of "the Field of Drama", thus ignoring the deeper discourse contention hidden behind the debate. As a result, the essence of historical thinking conceals the authenticity and complexity of the event, and hinders people’s correct understanding of the two debates and the problems exposed in the development of Chinese drama. Therefore, from the perspective of field theory, this article reflects on the two peaks of the debate in Chinese drama history, and discusses the small peaks caused by the great debate, so as to re-examine the evolution of drama concept and the development of Chinese drama in the past century in the historical context of "eventualization".