美国制造业回流政策对我国出口贸易的影响

The influence of the policy of American manufacturing industry return on Chinese’s export trade

2008年金融危机爆发后,美国政府意识到实体经济的重要性,开始引导制造业回流,即鼓励美国的制造业企业将其投资和生产由国外向国内转移。在此情况下,美国制造业回流政策与我国正处于转型升级关键阶段的产业存在较强的竞争关系,本文具体分析美国制造业回流政策对我国出口贸易的影响机制,即通过挤占中低端制造业市场份额、限制高端制造业发展空间、改变中国出口贸易产品结构对我国出口贸易产生影响,并选取2003—2018年的相关数据进行检验并分析得出:无论短期内还是从长期来看,美国制造业回流政策对出口贸易产生了较大的负面影响,我国需要对此情况做出积极的应对。

After the outbreak of the financial crisis in 2008,the U.S.government realized the importance of the real economy,and began to guide the return of manufacturing industry,that is,to encourage the manufacturing enterprises in the United States to transfer their investment and production from abroad to home.In this case,there is a strong competitive relationship between the U.S.manufacturing return policy and China’s industries which are in the key stage of transformation and upgrading.This paper analyzes the impact mechanism of the U.S.manufacturing return policy on China’s export trade,that is,by squeezing the market share of middle and low-end manufacturing industry,limiting the development space of high-end manufacturing industry,and changing the product structure of China’s export trade It is easy to have an impact,and the relevant data from 2003 to 2018 are selected to test and analyze.It is concluded that:whether in the short term or in the long run,the US manufacturing return policy has a greater negative impact on export trade,and China needs to make positive response to this situation.