论抵制美货运动中上海商学两界的互动及其影响

On the Interaction between Shanghai Commercial Circles and Educational Circles in the Boycott of American Goods and its Influence

抵制美货运动并非上海商务总会发起,而是爱国商人的自发行动。商界发起抵货之后,学界率先积极响应,二者互相联络,共同行动,改变了以往的隔绝态势,促使这场运动迅速达到前所未有的普及程度与空前规模。但在抵制方式和目标等方面,商学两界也存在差异,尤其对商界疏通美货的做法,学界坚决表示反对,又使商学两界出现分歧,进而产生分裂,成为抵货运动难以持久进行的一个重要原因。

The boycott of American goods was not initiated by the Shanghai General Chamber of Commerce,but was a spontaneous action by patriotic merchants.After commercial circles had initiated the boycott,educational circles were the first to respond.The two groups contacted each other and acted together,which changed the previously isolated situation,impelling the movement to rapidly reach an unprecedented degree of popularity and scale.However,in terms of boycott methods and objectives,there were differences between the commercial circles and educational circles.In particular,the educational circles firmly opposed the practice of making exceptions for American goods which had been ordered before the boycott began,causing divergence between the commercial circles and educational circles,which became a major reason why the boycott movement could not last.