旋转式压缩机主轴承减摩技术研究

Study on Friction Reduction Technology of Main-bearing of Rotary Compressor

本文基于低承载区开槽能够降低润滑油黏滞阻力损失的原理,提出上缸盖环槽和曲轴环槽结构;通过仿真优化主轴承环槽的槽宽和槽深,设计出优化方案;通过实验测试证实了上缸盖环槽相比曲轴环槽具有更优的减摩优势,并从润滑油运动状态、泵体刚性两方面详细分析了两种结构黏滞阻力损失改善不同的原因。结果表明:主轴承低承载区设置环槽,可以实现保证润滑可靠性前提下,减少油膜黏滞阻力,从而降低摩擦损失;较优的归一化槽宽为0.5~1.6 mm,较优的归一化槽深为0.5~2 mm;上缸盖环槽相比曲轴环槽具有更优的减摩优势主要原因是一方面曲轴环槽内润滑油运动速度大,黏滞阻力损失更大;另一方面曲轴环槽相比上缸盖环槽,泵体刚性损失增大约2%~3%,定转子气隙不均匀程度增加,影响电机效率和主轴承上部润滑状态,从而导致入力升高。

Based on the principle that slotting in low load area can reduce viscosity loss of lubricant,the structure of cylinder head and crankshaft ring groove is proposed.By simulation and optimization of groove width and depth of ring groove,the optimization scheme is designed.The ring groove in cylinder head is proved better antifriction advantages than that in the crankshaft,and the reasons for the different performance of the two structures are analyzed in detail from the two aspects of the lubricant movement state and pump rigidity.The results show that setting ring groove in the low bearing area of the main bearing can reduce the viscous resistance of oil film and reduce the friction loss under the premise of ensuring the lubrication reliability;the optimal normalized groove width is 0.5-1.6 mm,and the optimal normalized groove depth is 0.5-2 mm;the ring groove of the upper cylinder head has better antifriction advantages than that of the crankshaft ring groove,mainly because on the one hand,the lubricating oil in the crankshaft ring groove moves faster,on the other hand,compared with the ring groove of the upper cylinder head,the rigidity loss of the crankshaft ring groove increases by 2%-3%,and the uneven air gap between the stator and rotor increases,which affects the efficiency of the motor and the lubrication state of the upper part of the main bearing,resulting in the increase of the friction loss.