健康教育在预防和治疗桥本甲状腺炎中的应用

Application of health education in prevention and treatment of Hashimoto thyroiditis

桥本甲状腺炎是常见的自身免疫性疾病,是导致甲状腺功能减退症、甲状腺结节甚至甲状腺癌的主要原因,而且严重影响儿童的生长发育及女性生殖健康。本病目前尚无法根治,遗传、高碘及精神压力是其主要病因。健康教育的主要目标是有遗传背景的高危人群,以儿童、育龄期女性为重点对象,要求合理的低碘饮食、定期检查、采纳有益于健康的行为和生活方式,以预防其发生。甲状腺功能正常的桥本甲状腺炎患者要积极治疗以阻止其发展,儿童及育龄期女性患者必须及早治疗以避免出现严重后果。从病因病机入手进行健康教育干预,经济简单,可操作性强,是临床有效的防治措施。

Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a common autoimmune disease,which is the main cause of hypothyroidism,thyroid nodules and even thyroid cancer,and seriously affects the growth and development of children and female reproductive health.At present,there is no cure for this disease,heredity,high iodine and mental stress are the main causes of the disease.The main goal of health education is the high-risk population with genetic background,focusing on children and women of childbearing age.Reasonable diet of low iodine,regular examination and adoption of healthy behaviors and lifestyles are required to prevent its occurrence.Patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis with normal thyroid function should be actively treated to prevent their development,and children and women of childbearing age must be treated as early as possible to avoid serious consequences.Health education intervention from the etiology and pathogenesis is simple in economy and strong in maneuverability,and it is an effective clinical prevention and treatment measures.