知信行护理模式在慢性肾衰竭早期血液透析患者的应用

Application of the knowledge-attitude-practice nursing model intervention in the early hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure

目的探讨知信行护理模式在慢性肾衰竭(CRF)早期血液透析(HD)患者中的应用效果。方法选取2018年5月~2019年4月惠州市中心人民医院诊疗的78例CRF早期HD患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组(n=38)和观察组(n=40)。对照组采用常规护理方案,观察组采用知信行的护理模式,分别在干预前和干预3个月后比较两组的心理状态、自我护理能力及生命质量情况。结果干预前两组的焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后两组的SAS和SDS低于干预前,且观察组SAS和SDS低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前两组的自我护理能力和生命质量各维度评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后观察组的自我护理能力和生命质量各维度评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论知信行护理模式可有效降低CRF早期HD患者的负面情绪,提升患者的疾病自我护理能力和生命质量,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To explore the application effect of the knowledge-attitude-practice nursing model in the early hemodialysis(HD)patients with chronic renal failure(CRF).Methods A total of 78 patients with HD the early stage of CRF treated in Huizhou Central People′s Hospital from May 2018 to April 2019 were selected and divided into the control group(n=38)and the observation group(n=40)by random number table method.The control group adopted routine nursing plan,and the observation group adopted the knowledge-attitude-practice nursing model.The psychological state,self-care ability and quality of life of the two groups were compared before and after 3 months of intervention.Results Before the intervention,there were no significant differences in self-rating anciety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS)scores between the two groups(P>0.05);after the intervention,the SAS and SDS scores of the two groups were lower than those before the intervention,and the SAS and SDS scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Before the intervention,there were no significant differences in the scores of self-care ability and quality of life between the two groups(P>0.05).After the intervention,the scores of self-care ability and quality of life in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The knowledge-attitude-practice nursing model can effectively reduce the negative emotions of patients with CRF in early HD,improve the patients′disease self-care ability and quality of life,which is worthy of application in clinical nursing.