慢阻肺患者流感疫苗接种意愿及影响因素调查

Survey on the Influenza Vaccination Willingness and Influencing Factors of COPD Patients

目的:调查扬州市某县区慢性阻塞性肺疾病(以下简称慢阻肺)患者流感疫苗接种意愿及其影响因素,为制订慢阻肺患者管理策略提供科学依据。方法:以扬州市某县区2017年慢阻肺监测数据库中的人群为研究对象,通过问卷调查的方法收集调查对象基本信息、吸烟饮酒情况、家庭情况、幸福感、流感疫苗接种意愿及实际接种情况。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析流感疫苗接种意愿的影响因素。结果:984份问卷纳入最终分析,慢阻肺人群流感疫苗接种意愿为65.1%,但近一年仅有6.5%接种过流感疫苗。多因素logistic回归分析结果表明,与目前不吸烟、近一年未接种过流感疫苗、自我感觉不幸福者相比,目前吸烟(OR=1.74,P=0.005)、近一年接种过流感疫苗(OR=4.16,P<0.001)、自我感觉一般/幸福/非常幸福的慢阻肺患者(OR_(一般)=1.86,P=0.036;OR_(幸福)=1.93,P=0.023;OR_(非常幸福)=2.21,P=0.026)具有更强的接种意愿。不愿接种流感疫苗的原因主要是接种费用问题和对流感疫苗缺乏认识。结论:慢阻肺患者流感疫苗接种率很低,应通过实施免费接种政策、加大宣传力度和提升幸福感等方式提高接种率,从而保障慢阻肺患者的健康。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the influenza vaccination willingness and influencing factors of chronic obstructive pulmo-nary disease(COPD)patients in a county of Yangzhou and provide the scientific basis for formulating management strategy forCOPD patients.METHODS The study population are selected from COPD monitoring database of 2017 in a county of Yangzhou.Ba-sic information,smoking,drinking,family status,happiness,influenza vaccination willingness and inoculation status are collect-ed by questionnaire investigation.The multivariate logistic regression model is applied to analyze influencing factors of influenza vac-cination willingness.RESULTS A total of 984 questionnaires are included in the final analysis.The influenza vaccination willingnessin COPD patients is 65.1%,while only 6.5%have been vaccinated in the past year.The multivariate logistic regression show thatCOPD patients who are smokers(OR=1.74,P=0.005),have been vaccinated in the past year(OR=4.16,P<0.001)and feeledgeneral/happy/very happy(ORgeneral=1.86,P=0.036;ORhappy=1.93,P=0.023;ORvery happy=2.21,P=0.026)have stronger vaccinationwillingness than people who are non-smokers,who were not vaccinated in the past year and feel unhappy.The main reasons for thereluctance to be vaccinated are cost and lack of knowledge about influenza vaccines.CONCLUSION The influenza vaccination rateof COPD patients is low.Free vaccination policy,more publicity and improve happiness should be implemented to ensure thehealth of COPD patients.