中国法律现代化之基本路向——传统的自我调适

Research on the Basic Direction of China's Legal Modernization—Traditional Self-adjustment

中国法制现代化启程于清末,其间构建了现代法律体系的雏形。自此,中国法律体制受之于现代性之指引,移植与继承成为构建现代法制体制的主要方式。当代中国法制构建不再如清末民初一般,不再惧于西方列强之压迫。它通过百余年的法制探索,构建了具有本土特色的社会主义法制体系。那么,中国特色社会主义法律体系一方面必须根植于传统之中,另一方面应顺应现代化之需求。但“现代性”并非由本土文化萌发,它缘起于西方文明。因之,传统进行自我调适以求适应法律现代化之趋势。同时,“现代性”须经传统的锻造而适之于中国法律发展。本文以中国法制现代化发展为脉络,对近代与当代法制体系进行纵向比较,以此论证,中国特色社会主义法制体系为中国传统自我调适之成果。

As far as the modernization of China's legal system is concerned,it started at the end of Qing Dynasty,during which the embryonic form of modern legal system was constructed.Since then,Chinese legal system has been guided by modernity,transplanted and inherited,which has become the main way to construct modern legal system.At present,China's legal system construction is not only no longer the general situation in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China,but also no longer afraid of the oppression of western powers.Through more than 100 years of legal exploration,the socialist legal system with local characteristics has been constructed,which is the result of self adjustment of local tradition.Although the characteristic socialist legal system must take the local tradition as its foundation and construct a modern legal system in line with the local legal spirit,"modernity"does not germinate from the local culture,it originates from the western civilization.Therefore,the construction of non western legal system is bound to fall into historical dilemma.In this paper,through the development of China's legal modernization as the context,the modern and contemporary legal system are compared vertically,in order to demonstrate that the socialist legal system with characteristics is the result of the self adjustment of Chinese tradition.