清代拐卖妇人案件的法律规定及实践——以《巴县档案》为中心的研究

The Legal Provisions and Practice of Women Abduction Cases in Qing Dynasty——A Study Centered on Baxian Archives

在《大清律例》中,“略人略卖人律”对拐卖人口的行为做了详尽规定,并且在这条律文的增修条例中,有诸多针对川贵一带禁止拐卖妇人的规定,虽对此些行为有“为首者,立斩”“窝隐川贩,斩立决”的严厉处罚,但川贵一带拐案依旧频发。《巴县档案》所记载的拐卖妇人案件展现了清代四川地区的文化、法律与社会背景的同时,也凸显出制度性安排对法律权威的消解和清代法律规定与实际社会生活之间的差异性。

In the laws and regulations of the Qing Dynasty,the act of abducting and trafficking in human beings is stipulated in detail in the"law of neglecting persons and selling people".In the revised regulations of this law,there are many provisions against the prohibition of abduction and trafficking of women in Sichuan and Guizhou.Although there are severe punishments for these acts,such as"the leader,the beheader,the smuggler in the nest,and the execution and decision",the abduction cases still occur frequently in the area of Sichuan and Guizhou.The cases of abduction and trafficking of women recorded in Baxian archives not only show the cultural,legal and social background of Sichuan in Qing Dynasty,but also highlight the elimination of legal authority by institutional arrangements and the differences between legal provisions and actual social life in Qing Dynasty.