唐代中央官制与文体之关系——以《唐六典》为中心

The Relationship Between Central Official System andLiterary Style in Tang Dynasty——Centered on the TangLiudian

从先秦“文体分类观的萌芽”、秦汉“文体形态趋于规范”、魏晋南北朝“文体理论成熟”,形成了一条唐前官制设置与公文文体形态趋于规范的清晰轨迹。唐代是中国古代官制的基本定型期,尤以开元时期最为典型和完备,这一时期撰成的《唐六典》集中体现了唐代官制运行。官制设置促使职官执掌分工,进而与文体功能及话语体系形成一定的对应关系。唐代三省的运行机制对公文的使用或施用者身份、文体功能、文体话语风格及体例均有明确的约束和规范,叙述方式呈模式化趋势,体现了唐人的文体规范意识。

From the germination of the concept of literary style classification in pre-Qin Dynasty,Qin and Han Dynasties,and Wei,Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties,the stylistic theory became mature,which seems to have formed a clear track of the changes of"the establishment of official official system and the formal style of official documents"before Tang Dynasty.The Tang Dynasty is the basic period for the establishment of the official system in ancient China,especially the Kaiyuan Period,which is the most typical and complete period.The Poetry of The Tang Liudian composed during this period embodies the operation of the official system.The establishment of official system makes officials take charge of the division of labor,and the stylistic function and discourse system correspond to it to some extent.The operating mechanism of the three provinces of Tang Dynasty had clear constraints and norms on the identity,stylistic function,stylistic discourse style and style of official documents,and the narrative style showed a trend of patterning,which reflected the stylistic normative consciousness of the people in the Tang Dynasty.