金沙江下游干热河谷岩柿群落特征及种子萌发特性研究

Community Characteristics of Diospyros dumetorum and their Seed Germination in the Dry-hot Valley of Jinsha River

金沙江干热河谷地区乡土树种岩柿(Diospyros dumetorum)由于生境及人为破坏较严重,种群数量不断减少,为保持岩柿种群自然更新,维持分布区生态系统稳定性,本研究对岩柿进行了群落特征、种子形态特性及育苗试验的研究。结果表明:岩柿能适应干热河谷地区气候和环境,表现出抗逆性强、但竞争力弱,自然更新能力差等特点;岩柿开花量大,结实率高,饱满率93.3%,种子千粒重(107.6±4.9)g;种子育苗需从第一年春季随采随播培育至第二年雨季,发芽率可达81.15%,育苗成苗率为59%,种子育苗可成为岩柿扩大繁殖、保存种质资源的有效方法。

Due to serious man-made damage to the growing environment,the number of Diospyros dumetorum,a native tree species in the dry-hot valley of Jinsha River,has been decreasing.In order to protect the natural population and maintain the stability of the ecosystem in the distribution area,the community characteristics,seed morphology and cultivation were studied.The results showed that Diospyros dumetorum can adapt to the climate and environment of dry-hot valley,indicating strong resistance but weak competitiveness and poor natural regeneration.Diospyros dumetorum is a kind of plant of high flowering capacity and high seed setting rate,with a plump ratio of 93.3%and thousand seed weight of 107.6±4.9 g,the germination rate up to 81.15%,and the seedling rate 59%.The growth of seedlings is very slow,and the seeds should be cultivated immediately right after being picked from the Spring of the first year till the rainy season of the next.Seeding for seedlings can be a feasible method to expand reproduction and preserve the resources of Diospyros dumetorum.