浙江省对外直接投资的时空特征及区位选择因素分析

Spatial and Temporal Characteristics and Location Factors of Zhejiang's Outward Foreign Direct Investment

基于2010-2017年浙江省对外直接投资相关数据,综合分析了浙江省对外直接投资的时空特征.通过2010-2017年东道国国际面板数据,运用回归法分析了东道国劳动力成本、资源禀赋、地理距离、市场规模和基础设施等因素对浙江省对外直接投资区位选择的影响.研究结果表明,浙江省对外直接投资在全球分布和投资源地上均表现出明显的时空不均衡特点.近年来对欧美国家投资力度大,且避税地对投资主体的吸引力较大.浙江省对外投资源地主要以杭州、宁波等地为主;浙江省对外直接投资行业主要以制造业为主;劳动力成本和地理距离与浙江省对外直接投资呈明显正相关,表明浙江省对外投资逐渐表现出对高端劳动力和技术追逐的倾向.

Based on the OFDI data of Zhejiang Province from 2010 to 2017,this paper comprehensively analyzed the temporal and spatial pattern and evolution characteristics. Then it built an OFDI location decision model combined with the attributive characters of host country including labor cost,resource endowment,geographical distance,market scale and infrastructure of the host country. Using the panel data regression method,this paper made some analysis to explore the location determinants of OFDI. The research found the following conclusions. Firstly,the geographic distribution of Zhejiang province’s OFDI in the world was highly concentrated in European and American countries in recent years. In addition,tax havens were attractive to foreign investment parties in Zhejiang province. And foreign investment parties in Zhejiang Province mainly sourced from Hangzhou and Ningbo. Secondly,the manufacturing industry was dominant in all OFDI industries. Thirdly,the influence of market scale,infrastructure and resources on the OFDI value was not significant,but the labor cost and geographical distance were positively correlated with OFDI,which indicated that Zhejiang’s OFDI in recent years have gradually shown a tendency to pursue high-skilled labor and high technology.