摘要
为探寻桂单0811的合理施肥方案及高产栽培技术,对桂单0811不同生育时期植株不同部位的干物质和氮磷钾含量进行测定分析。结果表明,桂单0811干物质积累灌浆期占积累总量的86.31%;N、P 2O 5、K 2O的吸收量是N>K 2O>P 2O 5,N、P 2O 5、K 2O在拔节期以后被大量吸收,抽雄吐丝期其累积吸收量分别占到全生育期的35.60%、45.02%和36.65%,灌浆期其累积吸收量分别占到全生育期的77.51%、86.22%和76.52%;N、K 2O吸收高峰在灌浆期,P 2O 5在抽雄吐丝期和灌浆期;抽雄吐丝后N、K 2O、P 2O 5主要分布在籽粒中,每形成100 kg籽粒吸N 2.86 kg、P 2O 51.10 kg、K 2O 1.74 kg。研究表明,桂单0811较佳的施肥方法是:氮肥、磷肥和钾肥多次分期施用,按“前轻、中重、后补”的原则,注重种肥,拔节后重施攻秆肥,灌浆期施攻苞肥,防止后期脱肥。
The rule of dry matter accumulation,nutrition uptake and their distribution of maize hybrid Gui-dan 0811were studied in order to lay scientific base for rational fertilization and high yield cultivation.Accumulation of dry matter,Nitrogen(N),Phosphorus(P 2O 5),Potassium(K 2O)of maize hybrid Gui-dan 0811 was determined in all organs at different growth stages.The experimental results showed that the dry matter accumulation at filling stage of Gui-dan 0811 accounted for 86.31%of the total accumulation.Amount of N,P 2O 5 and K 2O absorbed was N>K 2O>P 2O 5.in quantity.N,P 2O 5 and K 2O were absorbed in large quantities after the elongation stage.The quantity of of N,P 2O 5 and K 2O absorbed at silking stage accounted for 35.60%,45.02%and 36.65%of the whole growth stage,respectively and at filling stage accounted for 77.51%,86.22%and 76.52%.The absorption peaks of N and K 2O were in the filling stage and P 2O 5 in the silking stage and the filling stage.N,K 2O and P 2O 5 were mainly distributed in the kernels after silking stage 2.86 kg of N,1.10 kg of P 2O 5 and 1.74 kg of K 2O were absorbed in 100 kg of kernels.The rational fertilization method was:nitrogen fertilizer,phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer were applied by stages for many times,based on the principle of earlier stage light,middle stage heavy,late stage supplement,suitable application of seeding-fertilizer,more application of fertilizer at elongation stage for stalk formation and more application of fertilizer before silking stage for grain formation and avoid of lack of fertilizer at later stage.
作者
田树云
文仁来
何雪银
苏月贵
何静丹
杨萌
苏义成
TIAN Shuyun;WEN Renlai;HE Xueyin;SU Yuegui;HE Jingdan;YANG Meng;SU Yicheng(Maize Research Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007,China)
出处
《耕作与栽培》
2021年第1期32-37,共6页
Tillage and Cultivation
基金
广西重大专项计划(桂科重14121001-2-19)
广西创新驱动发展专项资金项目(桂科AA 17204064-3)
广西重点研发计划(桂科AB 16380133)
广西重点研发计划(桂科AB 16380140)
广西农科院科研业务专项(2015 YT 24)。
关键词
规律
干物质积累
养分吸收
分配
桂单0811
rule
dry matter accumulation
nutrient absorption
distribution
Guidan 0811