俄罗斯科幻文学中的人工智能书写研究

Research on the Topic of Artificial Intelligence in Russian Science Fiction

人工智能一直是科幻文学经久不衰的题材。早年的苏联科幻文学就出现了人工智能这一技术奇观。20世纪50年代,苏联在同美国的太空竞赛中胜出,新的科幻小说的创作热潮融合了厚重的传统与丰富的个人才智,作家们急迫地表现日益增加的题材、内容,从社会学到宇宙学到人类学,从航天学到控制论,科幻作家的作品广受欢迎。从20世纪60年代中期开始,由于管理政策等方面的限制,人工智能未能进入苏联科幻作家的创作。苏联解体后,俄罗斯迎合市场需求的大众文学得到充分发展,科幻文学进入勃发的时代,人工智能成为最为显著的创作题材。纵观科幻文学的历史,其发展的核心是社会政治环境的稳定和人民生活的宽松,这是科幻真正生长的土壤。

The technological spectacle of artificial intelligence appeared in the early Soviet sci-fi literature.In the 1950 s,the Soviet Union won in the space race with the United States.The creation of new sci-fi novels combines a strong tradition and rich personal talents.Writers were anxious to depict ever-increasing range of the themes and content,from sociology to cosmology to anthropology,and from astronautics to cybernetics.The works of science fiction writers were popularly welcomed.From the mid-1960 s,artificial intelligence fell out of the science fiction due to the regulatory restrictions.After the collapse of the Soviet Union,popular literature was fully developed,catering to market demand.Science fiction was booming,and artificial intelligence became the most prominent.