社区团体心理干预对社区老年人心理和睡眠健康的影响

Influence of community group psychological intervention on mental and sleep health of elderly people

目的对北京市某社区实行社区团体心理干预,了解其对辖区内老年人心理和睡眠健康的影响,为提高老年人心理和睡眠健康提供建议和依据。方法采用填写心理量表调查方式,在2018年10月15日至2019年1月2日之间,使用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)以及匹茨堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)对北京市丰台区开阳里社区施行社区干预前后老年人心理和睡眠健康进行调查分析。本问卷发放64份,有效问卷58份。干预措施为专业心理医师对社区老年人进行团体心理活动,每周1次,一共8周,每次活动时间为90 min。采用配对样本t检验比较干预前后各量表评分的差异。结果干预前,社区老年人SAS平均分(47.10±1.03)分,团体心理干预后为(43.60±1.03)分,干预后低于干预前评分,差异具有统计学意义(t=3.358,P=0.001);干预前,社区老年人SDS平均分(53.16±1.47)分,团体心理干预后为(50.07±1.35)分,干预后低于干预前评分,差异具有统计学意义(t=2.056,P=0.044);干预前,社区老年人PSQI总分平均分(6.16±0.52),团体心理干预后为(4.61±0.49)分,干预后低于干预前评分,差异具有统计学意义(t=4.360,P<0.001)。结论团体心理干预不仅可以改善社区老年人焦虑、抑郁情况,同时可以改善睡眠状况,值得采纳并推广。

Objective To investigate the effect of community group psychological intervention on the mental health and sleep health of the elderly,to provide a basis for improving the psychological and sleep health of elderly people.Methods A community group psychological intervention was carried out in a community of Beijin The psychological and sleep health of elderly people in the Kaiyangli community of Fengtai District,Beijing before and after community intervention was investigated from October 15,2018 to January 2,2019 using the self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS),and pittsburgh sleep questionnaire(PSQI).A total of 64 questionnaires were administered,and 58 were valid.The intervention was group psychological activities carried out by professional psychologists for the elderly in the community,once a week,for a total of 8 weeks,and each activity lasted 90 minutes.Results Before the intervention,the average SAS score of the elderly in the community was(47.10±1.03),and after group psychological intervention,the score was(43.60±1.03);there was a significant difference between before and after the intervention(t=3.358,P=0.001).The average SDS score[(53.16±1.47)vs(50.07±1.35),t=2.056,P=0.044]and average PSQI score[(6.16±0.52)vs(4.61±0.49),t=4.360,P<0.001]were also significantly lower after the intervention than before the intervention.Conclusion Group psychological intervention can not only improve the anxiety and depression of elderly people in communities,but also improve their sleep status,which is worthy of adoption and promotion.