阴沟肠杆菌的临床分布及耐药性分析

Clinical distribution and drug resistance analysis of Enterobacter cloacae

目的了解2015-2018年阴沟肠杆菌的临床分布和耐药情况,为临床治疗阴沟肠杆菌感染抗菌药物的使用提供参考依据。方法采用回顾性分析方法,收集2015-2018年分离的2109株阴沟肠杆菌,使用WHONET5.6软件进行统计分析。结果2015-2018年共分离阴沟肠杆菌2109株,主要分离科室为儿科(16.69%)、神经外科(11.33%)、骨科(9.10%);阴沟肠杆菌在痰液标本中检出率最高,为47.23%;药敏试验结果表明,阴沟肠杆菌对20种常用抗菌药物呈不同程度的耐药性,但总体耐药率呈下降趋势,其中对阿米卡星耐药率最低(1.5%~2.4%),对亚胺培南的耐药率较好(3.8%~7.0%)。结论阴沟肠杆菌主要引起呼吸道感染,耐药率呈下降趋势,临床应根据药敏试验结果选择抗菌药物进行治疗,以减少其耐药菌株的产生。

Objective To understand the clinical distribution and drug resistance of Enterobacter cloacae from 2015 to 2018,and to provide a reference for the clinical use of antibacterial drugs for the treatment of Enterobacter cloacae infection.Methods A retrospective analysis method was used to collect a total of 2109 strains of Enterobacter cloacae isolated from 2015 to 2018,and statistical analysis was performed by using WHONET 5.6 software.Results A total of 2109 strains of Enterobacter cloacae were isolated from 2015 to 2018.The main isolation departments were pediatrics(16.69%),neurosurgery(11.33%),and orthopedics(9.10%).The highest detection rate of Enterobacter cloacae in sputum samples was 47.23%.Drug susceptibility results showed that Enterobacter cloacae showed different degrees of resistance to 20 commonly used antibacterial drugs,but the overall trend was decreasing.Among them,the lowest resistance to amikacin was 1.5%to 2.4%.The drug resistance rate was relatively good,which was 3.8%to 7.0%.Conclusion Enterobacter cloacae mainly causes respiratory tract infections,and the drug resistance rate is decreasing.Antibiotics should be selected according to the results of drug sensitivity in order to reduce the production of drug-resistant strains.