微沟槽织构对切削力和表面粗糙度的影响

Effect of Micro-groove Texture on Cutting Force and Surface Roughness

为研究微织构对切削过程中产生的切削力和已加工表面粗糙度的影响,在聚晶立方氮化硼(PCBN)刀片前刀面制备与主切削刃平行的宽度为32.6μm的微沟槽织构。分别用微沟槽刀具和无织构刀具在主轴转速为450、500、600 r/min的条件下切削淬硬钢GCr15,分析切削力和已加工表面粗糙度。试验结果表明:微沟槽改善了刀具的切削性能,主切削力、进给力和切深力均小于无织构刀具;进给力、切深力随着主轴转速的增加均变大,主切削力表现为先减小再增大;用微沟槽织构刀具切削的已加工表面粗糙度大于无织构刀具,表明微沟槽不利于获得表面质量较好的工件;随着主轴转速增加,微沟槽刀具和无织构刀具切削的表面粗糙度均减小。

In order to study the influence of micro-groove texture on the cutting force in the cutting process and the machined surface roughness, a micro-groove texture with the width of 32.6 μm which parallelled to the main cutting edge was prepared on the rake face of the polycrystalline CBN(PCBN) cutter. The hardened steel GCr15 was cut at the spindle speed of 450, 500 and 600 r/min by using the micro-grooved cutter and non-textured cutter respectively, the cutting force and the machined surface roughness were analyzed. The experimental results show that by using the micro-groove, the cutting performance of the tool is improved, and the main cutting force, feed force and cutting depth force are all less than those of the non-textured tool;both feed force and cutting depth force increase with the increase of spindle speed, and the main cutting force decreases first and then increases;the surface roughness of the workpiece machined by using the micro-groove tool is larger than that of non-texture tool, which indicates that the micro-grooved is not conducive to obtaining the workpiece with good surface quality;with the increase of the spindle speed, the surface roughness of the workpiece machined by using the micro-groove tool and the non-texture tool decreases.