产前超声检查颈项透明层增厚孕妇的临床治疗指导价值

Guidance value of prenatal ultrasound examination in pregnant women with thickened nuchal translucency for clinical treatment

目的探究产前超声筛查颈项透明层(nuchal translucency,NT)增厚在胎儿异常发育中的价值,为优生优育提供数据支持。方法选取2018年1月至2019年12月在本院行产前超声检查发现NT增厚的孕妇70例,进行NT厚度测量,并进行染色体核型分析,探究NT增厚在胎儿异常发育中的作用。结果对70例NT增厚的胎儿进行染色体核型分析发现,染色体异常21例(30.00%):21三体综合征7例(10.00%),18三体综合征6例(8.57%),Turner综合征4例(5.71%),12三体综合征1例(1.43%),克氏综合征1例(1.43%),嵌合体2例(2.86%)。70例NT增厚的胎儿妊娠结局中,最终停止发育的有8例(11.43%),染色体异常21例(30.00%),水囊状淋巴管瘤13例(18.57%),正常分娩胎儿28例(40.00%),出生后未检查出生理缺陷,并发现随着NT的增厚,正常胎儿的出生率下降。结论对孕妇进行产前超声筛查有利于发现胎儿发育中的异常,可指导评价胎儿的生长发育及预后,提高优生率。

Objective To explore the value of prenatal ultrasound screening of thickening of nuchal translucency(NT)in abnormal development of the fetuses,and to provide data support for eugenics.Methods Seventy pregnant women diagnosed as thickened NT who underwent prenatal ultrasound examination in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected.NT thickness measurement and chromosome karyotype analysis were performed to explore the role of NT thickening in abnormal development of fetuses.Results The chromosomal karyotype analysis of 70 fetuses with thickened NT showed that there were 21 cases of chromosomal abnormalities(30.00%),7 cases of trisomy 21(10.00%),6 cases of trisomy 18(8.57%),4 cases of Turner syndrome(5.71%),1 case of trisomy 12(1.43%),1 case of Klinefelter syndrome(1.43%),and 2 cases of mosaicism(2.86%).Among pregnancy outcomes of 70 fetuses with thickened NT,8 cases(11.43%)eventually stopped developing,there were 21 cases(30.00%)with chromosomal abnormalities,13 cases(18.57%)with water cystic lymphangioma,and 28 cases with normal delivery(40.00%),no physical defects were detected after birth,and it was found that with the thickening of NT,the birth rate of normal fetuses decreased.Conclusion Prenatal ultrasound screening for pregnant women is helpful to finding out abnormalities in fetal development,which can guide the evaluation of fetal growth and prognosis,and improve the eugenic rate.