木棉纤维粉末的制备及其油液吸附性能

Preparation of kapok fiber powder and its oil sorption performance

采用机械切断的方式制备木棉纤维粉末材料,分别表征其表面形貌、长度分布、比表面积及其表面润湿性,并研究木棉纤维粉末在不同体积密度条件下对不同油液的吸附性能。结果表明:木棉纤维粉末由于机械切断作用的影响,部分中腔受到不同程度的挤压,但总体仍保持木棉原纤维的形态结构;粉末材料的长度介于几十微米和2 mm之间;木棉纤维粉末比表面积为1.35 m^(2)/g,大于木棉原纤维;木棉纤维粉末对水的接触角可达136°,单根木棉纤维对矿物油和PAO4的接触角均小于90°,具有明显的疏水亲油的特性;纤维粉末材料在自然状态下的吸油量约是木棉原纤维的50%,木棉纤维粉末的吸油量及吸附因子随体积密度的增大而逐渐较小。研究结果可以为木棉纤维粉末和油液混合物作为固液润滑剂在轴承润滑领域的应用提供参考。

Kapok fiber powders were prepared by mechanical cutting,and their surface morphology,length distribution,specific surface area and surface wettability were characterized.The oil sorption property of kapok fiber powders to different oils were studied under different packing density conditions.The results show that:the kapok fiber powders were partially crushed due to the mechanical cutting effect,but the shape of the original kapok fiber was still maintained;the length of the powder material was between tens of microns and 2 mm;the surface area of kapok fiber powders was 1.35 m^(2)/g,which is larger than the original kapok fiber;the contact angle of kapok fiber powders to water can reach 136°,and the contact angle of single kapok fiber to mineral oil and PAO4 was less than 90°,which showed obvious hydrophobic and lipophilic properties;the oil sorption test show that the oil sorption of the fiber powders material in the natural state is about 50%of the original kapok fiber,and the oil sorption capacity and sorption factor of the kapok fiber powders gradually decrease with the increase of the packing density.The research results can provide reference for the application of kapok fiber powders and oil mixture as a solid-liquid lubricant in the field of bearing lubrication.