青岛地区献血人群HEV流行情况调查分析

Epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis E virus in blood donors in Qingdao

目的调查本地区献血者戊型肝炎病毒(hepatitis E virus,HEV)的感染率及特征。方法收集2015年1月至2016年12月本血站合格献血者血液标本773例,进行HEV的相关血清学指标检测(HEV IgM、IgG及抗原),以ALT升高献血者(839例)对照比较。结果在合格献血者中,有100份(12.94%)HEV IgG反应性,6份(0.78%)HEV IgM反应性,无HEV抗原反应性。低年龄段IgG反应性率均明显比40岁以上年龄段比例低(均P<0.01)。与ALT升高献血者相比,合格献血者中HEV IgG和IgM的检出率比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。HEV IgM反应性献血者标本进行HEV RNA检测均为阴性。结论青岛地区献血人群存在HEV既往感染,但近期HEV感染率较低,献血者经过ALT筛查后,输血传播HEV的潜在风险较低。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hepatitis E virus(HEV)infection among Qingdao blood donors.Methods Blood samples were collected from donors in Qingdao from january 2015 to December 2016,included 773 eligible blood donors,and then tested for HEV related serological parameters(anti-HEV IgG,anti-HEV IgM,HEV Ag),compared with blood donors with elevated ALT(839 cases).Results The results of serum markers of HEV infection in 773 qualified blood donors showed anti-HEV IgG positive in 100 cases(12.94%),anti-HEV IgM positive in 6 cases(0.78%),no HEV Ag positive.The rate of anti-HEV IgG positive of the low age group was significantly lower than that of over 40 years old group(all P<0.01).There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of anti-HEV IgG,IgM positive between eligible blood donors and blood donors with elevated ALT(all P>0.05).HEV IgM reactive specimens were further detected for HEV RNA,all negative results.Conclusion The infection rate of HEV is lower among blood donors in Qingdao area.After the blood donors screened by ALT,the potential risk of transmission of HEV by blood transfusion is low.