湖南省森林植物园杜鹃专类园景观营建研究

A Study on Landscape Construction of Rhododendron Garden in Hunan Forest Botanical Garden

【目的】杜鹃花作为中国的传统名花之一,在我国古典园林及世界园林上有着举足轻重的地位,研究杜鹃专类园的景观营建具有重要意义。湖南省森林植物园收集和选育的杜鹃花表型多样,特色鲜明。杜鹃园的景观营建改造吸引更多的科研人才研究和保育杜鹃属植物,向全世界展示湖南杜鹃属植物的风采。【方法】通过了解湖南省森林植物园杜鹃园的基本概况,分析杜鹃专类园景观的主要营建方式,再对其现状的优势和劣势进行总结,以“名种、名景、名园”为主题,秉持整体性、因地制宜、以人为本、生态优先四大设计原则,合理进行交通规划和空间布局。【结果】重点改造杜鹃广场、三湘景园和杜鹃大道景观,梳理植物配置和群落结构,侧重主要景观节点与不同杜鹃花景观的融合,同时丰富科普教育与文化展示活动,使这三处不同的杜鹃花景观具有独立性和联接性。【结论】重塑湖南省森林植物园杜鹃园自身的景观特色,总结营造具有区域文化观赏性及科普展示专业性结合的杜鹃专类园景观的参考模式。

【Objective】As one of the famous traditional flowers in China,rhododendrons play an im⁃portant role in Chinese classical gardens and world gardens.The rhododendrons collected and bred in Hunan Forest Botanical Garden have diverse phenotypes and distinctive features.In order to attract more scientific research talents to study and protect rhododendrons,and to show the elegant appearance of rho⁃dodendrons in Hunan province,the landscape construction and renovation of the rhododendron garden is essential.【Method】By understanding the basic situation of the rhododendron Garden in the Forest Bo⁃tanical Garden of Hunan Province,this paper analyzes the main construction methods of the rhododendron garden,and then summarizes its current advantages and disadvantages.With famous species,fa⁃mous scenery and famous gardens as the theme,the four design principles such as upholding the integri⁃ty,adjusting measures to local conditions,people-oriented and ecology priority are adopted,and reason⁃able traffic planning and spatial layout are carried out.【Results】Focusing on the transformation of the landscape of Rhododendron Square,Sanxiang Garden and Cuckoo Avenue,the plant configuration and community structure are combed,and the integration of the main landscape nodes with different rhododen⁃dron landscapes is emphasized.At the same time,popular science education and cultural exhibition activ⁃ities are enriched,so that these three different rhododendron landscapes are independent and correlative.【Conclusion】Reshape the landscape characteristics of the rhododendron Garden in the Forest and Botan⁃ical Garden of Hunan Province,and summarize the reference mode of constructing the rhododendron garden with regional cultural appreciation and the combination of popular science exhibition and profession⁃alism.