生态安全格局视角下中国城市增长边界研究进展

Research Progress of China's Urban Growth Boundary from Perspective of Ecological Security Pattern

【目的】新型城镇化不断加快,城市所占土地资源扩张程度越发迅速,传统粗放的城市增长过程中呈现出生态系统结构与功能的破坏、城市无序扩张等问题,怎样合理控制城市规模、优化城市生态安全格局已成为当前中国国土资源管理的重点工作之一。探索中国城市增长边界划定的效益及现行方法,讨论未来发展驱动力和城市增长边界协调优化方法可能的研究方向,为中国城镇可持续发展战略提供理论依据及对未来的增长边界实践提供参考。【方法】通过文献研究法及归纳演绎法,从维护城市生态安全的视角对现行城市空间增长边界进行优化调控研究。【结果】在中国大规模城镇化背景下,实施城市增长管制政策是必然选择,城市增长边界具有多元化的内涵,是城市扩张背景下调控土地资源的重要控制手段,对于提升城市空间治理、保护城市生态安全格局、促进城市可持续发展具有重要意义;中国在城市增长边界划定的技术手段取得一定的成效,学术界从不同的价值取向出发形成了不同的划定技术路径,在划定城市增长边界时,应兼顾城市复杂的属性,深入讨论中国的城市增长规律,结合多样化手段,协调城市边界划定下生态安全格局与城市增长的直接矛盾。【结论】城市增长边界是不同发展背景下限定的城市用地动态扩张边界线,不同时期城市用地扩张界限随经济、社会、自然等影响因素而调整,“弹性”与“刚性”增长边界划定可调控性区域范围及永久性禁止建设的战略性开发空间,秉承生态优先思想,与差别化管控、边界调整、配套措施等协调配合,引导生态安全格局为导向的新型城市增长模式。

【Purpose】China’s new urbanization continues to accelerate and the land resources oc⁃cupied by cities are expanding rapidly.The problems such as the destruction of the structure and function of the ecosystem and the disorderly expansion of cities arise in the traditional extensive urban growth pro⁃cess.Reasonably controlling the scale of cities and optimizing the urban ecological security pattern have become one of the key tasks of land and resources management in China.【Method】Through the literature research method and the inductive deduction method,the current urban spatial growth boundary is optimized and regulated from the perspective of maintaining urban ecological security.【Result】Under the background of China's large-scale urbanization,the implementation of urban growth control policies is an inevitable choice.The urban growth boundary has diversified connotations and is an important con⁃trol method for regulating land resources in the context of urban expansion.It is of great significance to improve urban spatial governance,protect urban ecological security and promote urban sustainable devel⁃opment.China has achieved certain results in the delineation of urban growth boundaries.The academic community has formed different delineation technical paths based on different value orientations.When delimiting urban growth boundaries,the complex attributes of cities should be taken into consideration and the law of urban growth in China should be discussed in depth.The direct contradiction between the ecological security pattern and urban growth under the delineation of urban boundaries should be coordi⁃nated with diversified means.【Conclusion】The urban growth boundary is the dynamic expansion bound⁃ary line of urban land defined under different development backgrounds.The urban land expansion boundary in different periods is adjusted according to economic,social,natural and other factors.The“flexible”and“rigid”growth boundaries delineate the adjustable area and permanently prohibited strate⁃gic development space.Adhering to the ecological priority thinking,coordinated with differentiated con⁃trol,boundary adjustment and other supporting measures,it guides a new urban growth model oriented by ecological security pattern.