美国NSF项目机构间科研合作关系与发展态势研究

Research on the Science Research Relationship and Development Trend of NSF Institutions in US

[目的/意义]机构合作已成为科研合作的主要形式之一,对其合作结构的研究有助于把握科研机构合作的规律和态势。[方法/过程]本文以NSF 2008—2017年间资助项目中的PI和Co-PI数据进行美国科研机构合作研究。利用统计分析、突发机构检测、合作网络指标计算、合作团体识别等方法,以及合作网络图、战略图等可视化手段,探究美国科研机构近十年来合作的结构、规律和发展态势。[结果/结论]研究发现,由美国NSF资助的科研机构及其合作分布的集中与不平衡现象并存,形成了9个主要的合作团体,地理邻近、研究领域相同或相似以及学术水平相当的机构更容易形成科研合作关系。随着科研合作的发展,科研机构合作网络趋向均衡化发展,机构间合作强度有待进一步加强。

[Purpose/Significance]Institutional cooperation has become one of the main forms of scientific cooperation.[Method/Process]By combining statistical analysis,network indicators calculation,visualization,as well as topological structures of cooperative networks,this paper explores the network structure of cooperation among scientific institutions in the United States in recent ten years.[Result/Conclusion]The study indicated that the distribution of NSF-funded scientific institutes and their cooperation was concentrated but unbalanced,forming 9 major cooperative communities with different institutions as cores.Institutes with similar geographical proximity,research fields and academic level were more likely to form scientific cooperative relations.With the development of scientific cooperation,the cooperation network of scientific institutes tended to develop in a balanced way,and the intensity of inter agency cooperation needed to be further strengthened.