不翻瓣即刻牙种植术治疗前牙或前磨牙缺损患者的效果

Effects of immediate flapless dental implantation in treatment of patients with anterior teeth or premolar teeth defects

目的:观察不翻瓣即刻牙种植术治疗前牙或前磨牙缺损患者的效果。方法:选取90例行即刻牙种植术的牙缺损患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组各45例。对照组给予翻瓣即刻牙种植术,观察组给予不翻瓣即刻牙种植术,比较两组美观程度、龈沟深度、牙槽嵴顶吸收水平、术后并发症发生率和种植成功率。结果:观察组术后6个月的红色美学指数高于对照组,术后3 d的视觉模拟评分低于对照组,术后1年的龈沟深度及牙槽嵴顶吸收水平低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组术后1个月的并发症发生率为4.44%(2/45),低于对照组的17.78%(8/45),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组种植成功率为97.78%(44/45),高于对照组的82.22%(37/45),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:不翻瓣即刻牙种植术治疗前牙或前磨牙缺损患者可提高种植成功率,降低术后并发症发生率、视觉模拟评分和牙槽嵴顶吸收水平,减小龈沟深度,效果优于翻瓣即刻牙种植术。

Objective:To study effects of immediate flapless dental implantation in treatment of patients with anterior teeth or premolar teeth defects.Methods:90 patients with dental defects,who underwent immediate dental implantation,were selected as the research objects,and were divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method,45 cases in each.The control group was given immediate flap dental implantation with flaps,while the observation group was given immediate flapless dental implantation.The aesthetic degree,gingival sulcus depth,alveolar ridge absorption level,postoperative complication rate and implant success rate were compared between the two groups.Results:The pink aesthetic index of the observation group 6 months after the operation was higher than that of the control group;the visual analog score 3 days after the operation was lower than that of the control group;the gingival sulcus depth and alveolar ridge absorption level 1 year after the operation were lower than those of the control group;and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).1 month after the operation,the complication rate in the observation group was 4.44%(2/45),which was lower than 17.78%(8/45)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Further,the success rate of implantation in the observation group was 97.78%(44/45),which was higher than 82.22%(37/45)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:Immediate flapless dental implantation in the treatment of the patients with anterior teeth or premolar teeth defects can increase the success rate of implantation,reduce the incidence of postoperative complications and the visual analog score,and reduce the gingival sulcus depth and the alveolar crest absorption level.Moreover,it is superior to immediate dental implantation with flaps.