新出墓志与宋代文学研究的拓展——以王安石为核心的考察

Newly Unearthed Epitaphs and the Expansion in the Research on the Literature of the Song Dynasty:Focusing on Wang Anshi

在行实方面,新出墓志可以提供新的材料,重建宋代文学家生平中一些遗失、湮没的环节。对于文学史上一些重要作品的作年、背景,还有涉及的重大文学史实,新出墓志可以提供确切的解答。它有助于家族世系的全面呈现,纠正文集、族谱中的诸多讹误,推进家族文学研究。它为更加全面、客观了解北宋后期党争、政治史提供了宝贵史料,有助于走出成王败寇的胜利者书写,深化党争与文学的研究视域。它为墓志的书写研究提供了珍贵个案,有助于走出证史、订史的传统金石学藩篱,走向历史诠释。对新出墓志的利用,必须注意辨伪及文体特质。

This article mainly discusses the new development in the literary study of the Song Dynasty,owing to the newly unearthed epitaphs focusing on Wang Anshi(王安石).The newly discovered epitaphs can not only provide new materials to reconstruct some missing and forgotten links concerning his life story in terms of act and honor,but also give exact answers to the time of writing and background of some his important works in the history of literature,as well as some related major historical facts.They can contribute to a comprehensive presentation of the his family lineage and correct the errors in the collection of his writings and in his family genealogy,thus promoting the study of family literature.Besides,they can provide valuable historical materials for a more comprehensive and objective understanding of the factional strife and political history in the late Northern Song Dynasty,and consequently further widen the research domain of factional strife and literature,thus being of help to get out of the victor’s way of writing history in which the winner becomes the emperor while the loser turns into a bandit.In this article,many sample cases are used to study the historical writings of epitaphs and help to transcend the tradition of epigraphy committed to historical testimony,so as to achieve the historical-cultural interpretation of texts.When using the newly-unearthed epitaphs,we should pay attention to their discrimination and stylistic characteristics.