O2O模式下即时配送服务系统弹性的提升策略优化

Improving operation resilience of instant delivery service in online to offline business model

本文以O2O商业模式下餐饮外卖、新零售即时配送服务(IDS)为背景,将O2O-IDS系统定义为由O2O平台与IDS平台组成的相互影响、相互作用的组织管理系统.即时配送服务(IDS)是O2O模式下的一种新型物流形态,O2O与IDS平台之间多对多的合作关系由于受到多种因素(如疫情)的影响面临供应中断的风险,导致O2O-IDS系统的运行效率下降.为提高O2O-IDS系统抵御这一风险的能力,本文引入弹性理论对O2O-IDS系统进行研究,基于降低其脆弱性可提高系统弹性的思想,通过引进关键合作关系、系统功能减损、绩效影响指数等概念,建立了一种优化保护策略方法.该方法通过优化计算不同的中断合作关系数量下最大的系统功能减损值,确定关键合作关系;通过计算关键合作关系绩效影响指数和重要性排序,确定预算范围内的关键合作关系优化保护策略.此外,通过绘制系统功能减损值曲线将弹性量化,在不同的中断合作关系数量下该曲线越平滑,系统弹性越高.算例分析结果表明,本文提出的优化策略可以显著提升O2O-IDS系统抵御风险的能力.

The study focuses on instant delivery service(IDS) for online to offline(020) business model in take-out food and new retail industries.The O2 O-IDS system is defined as an organization management system consisting of the O2 O and IDS platforms that interact with each other.IDS is a new type of logistics service in O2 O model.The many-to-many cooperation between O2 O and IDS faces disruptions due to many factors,such as 2019 novel coronavirus,which lower the operational efficiency of O2 O-IDS system.Therefore,resilience theory is introduced to the O2 O-IDS system research based on the idea that reducing vulnerability can improve resilience.An optimization model is constructed through the concepts of key cooperation relationship,loss of system function and performance impact index(PII),etc.The key cooperation relationship was identified through optimizing maximum loss of system function.The model gave the ranking of the cooperation by calculating the PII of the partnership,and the study proposed a reasonable protection strategy according to the budget.In addition,resilience is assessed and quantified by drawing a curve of loss of system function,and under different number of disruptions,the more smoothness the curve is,the better resilient the system would be.The example of O2 O-IDS system showed that the optimization strategy proposed in this paper can significantly improve the system’s ability to prepare,mitigate and prevent risks.