面向复杂航道的引航员与船舶集成调度优化

Integrated optimization of pilots and ships scheduling for ports with complex channels

为提高复杂航道条件下港口的引航调度服务水平,本文研究了船舶和引航员调度的集成优化问题.本文考虑了潮汐、封航、安全距离以及单双向航道的对向避让等因素,以船舶延误成本和引航员调度成本最小化为目标,建立了整数规划模型.结合问题的特征,设计了一种两阶段变邻域搜索算法对模型进行求解.其中第一阶段讨论了引航员调度对于船舶延误的影响,求得了所有船舶和部分引航员调度方案的集合;第二阶段以传统调度规则得到的所有船舶和引航员的完整调度方案为初始解,使用变邻域搜索算法求解所有调度方案中最优的调度方案.最后,通过一系列数值试验验证了模型和算法的有效性.

In order to improve the service level of pilot scheduling in ports under the complex channel,this paper studies the integrated optimization problem of ship scheduling and pilot scheduling.This paper considers factors such as tide,blocking channel,safe distance,the opposite avoidance of single and two-way channel.Aiming at minimizing ship delay cost and pilot scheduling cost,an integer programming model is established.Combined with the characteristics of the problem,a two-stage variable neighborhood search algorithm is designed to solve the model.The first stage discusses the effect of pilot scheduling on ship delay,and obtains a set of all ship and part pilot scheduling schemes;In the second stage,the complete scheduling scheme of all ships and pilots obtained by traditional scheduling rules is used as the initial solution,and the variable neighborhood search algorithm is used to solve the optimal scheduling scheme among all scheduling schemes.Finally,the effectiveness of the model and algorithm is verified by a series of numerical experiments.