3~6岁儿童早期运动游戏干预课程设计研究——基于SKIP的研究证据

Research on the Design of Early Childhood(Aged 3-6)Sports Game Intervention Curriculum——Based on the Research Evidence of SKIP Program

全球性肥胖、动作发展广泛性延迟等非传染性健康问题低龄化现象日益凸显,身体活动不足是导致这一现象的重要因素。作为幼儿人口大国,中国应在全国进行学前儿童肥胖、动作发展迟缓的身体活动干预行动。运动能力对于儿童的身体活动参与、健康惠益具有正向"螺旋"作用。本研究的目的是设计一套结构化的、指向动作技能发展目标的儿童早期身体活动干预计划以提高我国3~6岁儿童的运动技能能力,以便在幼儿园实施。研究考量了学前儿童运动游戏中人类动作发展规律的"实然",选取美国儿童早期优质运动课程计划——"SKIP"作为研究证据,在动态系统、Newell约束模型理论的襄助下,创新性地应用Metzler(梅茨勒)模型探索设计了中国儿童早期运动游戏干预课程"CHIN-SKIP"的预期学习产出体系、学习内容、任务结构、师生行为期望、教师CK专长和学习成果评价以及实施保真度的测量等环节的"应然",切实将"动作教育"真正融入儿童早期运动游戏的体验中,试图为儿童提供早期动作技能能力启蒙和发展的机会,进而在"健康中国"背景下,弥补当前我国学前教育领域运动游戏干预课程设计缺乏的短板,探索遏制肥胖、慢病在儿童早期蔓延的中国方案。

Non-communicable health problems such as global obesity and extensive delays in motor development are becoming increasingly prominent.Insufficient physical activity is an important factor leading to this phenomenon.As a country with a large population of young children,China should implement physical activity interventions for preschool children with obesity and delayed motor development throughout the country.Foreign research shows that athletic ability has a positive"spiral"effect on children’s physical activity participation and health benefits.The purpose of this study is to design a set of structured early childhood physical activity intervention plans that point to the development of motor skills to improve the motor skills of children aged 3-6 in China for implementation in kindergartens.The research considers the"actuality"of the law of human movement development in preschool children’s sports games,and selects the American early childhood high-quality sports curriculum program"SKIP"as the research evidence.With the help of dynamic systems and Newell constraint model theory,innovatively Using the Metzler model to explore and design the expected learning output system,learning content,task structure,teacher-student behavior expectations,teacher CK expertise and learning achievement evaluation and implementation of the Chinese early childhood sports game intervention course"CHIN-SKIP"Fidelity measurement and other links"as it should be",truly integrate"action education"into the experience of early childhood sports games,and try to provide children with opportunities for early motor skills enlightenment and development.Under the healthy background,it is to make up for the shortcomings in the current sports game intervention curriculum design in the field of preschool education in China,and explore Chinese solutions to curb the spread of obesity and chronic diseases in early childhood.