行动研究法构建慢性肾衰竭居家护理方案及应用效果

The Application effect of home care plan for chronic renal failure by using action research methods

目的采用行动研究法构建慢性肾衰竭居家护理方案,并探讨临床运用价值。方法选择2017年1月—2018年6月接受常规居家护理慢性肾衰竭74例患者作为对照组;2018年7月—2020年1月实施基于行动研究法构建的慢性肾衰竭居家护理66例患者作为观察组。比较两组患者肾脏疾病相关生存质量量表(KDTA)、自护能力测定量表(ESCA)评分,并发症发生情况及护理满意度。结果观察组KDTA评分、ESCA评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组抑郁症、营养不良发生率明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组内瘘失功、高磷血症、感染率低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组护理满意度明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论行动研究法构建慢性肾衰竭居家护理方案能够提升慢性肾衰竭患者居家自我护理能力,提高生活质量,降低透析相关并发症发生情况,提高护理满意度。

Objective To construct a home care plan for chronic renal failure by using action research methods and to explore the value of clinical application.Methods To select 74 patients who applied the routine home care guidance from January 2017 to June 2018 as the control group,and 66 patients who applied the home care plan for chronic renal failure based on the action research method from July 2018 to January 2020 as the observation group.The kidney disease-related quality of life scale(KDTA)and the self-care ability measurement scale(ESCA)scores were compared between the two groups,and the occurrence of complications and nursing satisfaction was evaluated.Results The KDTA score and ESCA score of the observation group were higher than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of depression and malnutrition in the observation group was lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The internal fistula failure,hyperphosphatemia and infection rates in the control group were lower than the control group,the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was higher than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The home care plan for chronic renal failure based on the action research method could improve the self-care ability of chronic renal failure at home,rise the quality of life,reduce the dialysis-related complications and increase the nursing satisfaction.