超越权利与善的优先性之争——以多重反思平衡为分析方法

Transcending the Priority Dispute Between Rights and Good——Taking Multiple Reflective Equilibria as the Analysis Method

反思平衡建立在非基础主义和类融贯论之上,能够涵盖从主观到主观间再到客观的不同视角。从本质上说,反思平衡旨在针对分歧进行论辩,其内部存在个别与一般、单一与复多、简单与复杂的类型划分,由此得以完成对多重反思平衡的体系化建构。为超越权利与善的优先性之争,多重反思平衡将现有对权利与善的理解作为深思熟虑的判断,以此为起点使其互为参照并相互调整,进而达成追求正义原则的理想目标。虽然,反思平衡本身蕴含着实践理性,但这种实践理性终归有其限度,因此必须予以审慎对待。总体而言,围绕权利与善的多重反思平衡将始终处于开放与动态之中,由此体现出人们对正义的不懈追求。

The reflective equilibria is based on the non-foundationalism and approximate coherentism,as well as covering different perspectives from subjective to intersubjective and then to objective.Essentially,the reflective equilibria aims to argue against differences.There are individual and general,single and multiple,as well as simple and complex types within it,so the systematic construction of multiple reflective equilibria can be completed.In order to transcend the priority dispute between rights and good,the multiple reflective equilibria will take the existing understanding of rights and good as considered judgments,and use these as the starting point to make them refer to each other and make adjustments,then achieve the ideal goal of pursuing justice principle.The reflective equilibria itself contains practical reason,but this reason has its limit,so it must be treated with caution.In general,the multiple reflective equilibria between rights and good will always be open and dynamic,thus reflect people’s unremitting pursuit of justice.