从现代主义到节约的现代风格——1949—1959年的北京现代建筑

From Modernism to Economical Modern Style:Beijing Modern Architecture from 1949 to 1959

1949—1959年,现代建筑在北京的发展经历了多条复杂的发展线路。在新中国初期全面学习苏联"社会主义内容、民族形式"的语境下,现代主义风格通过杨廷宝、华揽洪等人的坚守砥砺前行,之后通过"十四字方针"的指导原则发展为具有节约的、现代风格倾向的建筑形式。北京"十大建筑"中华侨大厦、工人体育场、民族饭店的设计正是基于这种风格演变的集中呈现,直接影响到之后很长一段时间全国建筑设计的创作原则。

From1949 to 1959,the development of modern architecture in Beijing experienced many complicated development routes.In the early days of the People’s Republic of China,in the context of comprehensively learning the Soviet Union’s"socialist content,national form",Modernism was difficult to stick to by Yang Tingbao and Hua lanhong,and then developed into a modern style architectural form with the tendency of Economical Modern Style through the guiding principle of the"FourteenCharacter Policy".Overseas Chinese Building,Worker Stadium and the National Hotel in Beijing’s"Ten Great Buildings",is based on the concentrated presentation of this style evolution,which directly affects the design principles of the national architectural design for a long time.